Books

Migration in South America

This book examines changing dynamics of intraregional migration in South America in light of on-going political, economic, and social transformations. The book focuses on migration within the region departing from the still-prevalent trend to study South-North direction, particularly migration to…

Resp. editado por Gioconda Herrera y Carmen Gómez
Date: 2022

Introduction

Author: Herrera, Gioconda, Gómez, Carmen Summary
From 2000 onwards, the region witnessed an important growth of forced migration, particularly from Colombia. They were fleeing from social and political violence that has not ceased. In addition, from 2010 on, Caribbean migration from Cuba, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic started arriving in countries it had never reached before, and migration from Asia and Africa increasingly arrived in the region through various means. More recently, the Venezuelan exodus to the whole continent encapsulated the new complexity of migration patterns in South America. Indeed, Venezuelan migration was massive and responded to multiple drivers, from economic scarcity to social violence.

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Extractive economy and mobilities. The case og large copper mining in the Antofagasta region

Author: Stefoni, Carolina, Stang, Fernanda y Rojas, Pablo Summary
We are interested in identifying the different types of mobilities that take place, and how they are related to the development of mining in northern Chile, specifically in the Antofagasta region, since it is an economic activity that has been historically linked to the arrival of workers from different places and countries. Indeed, mining represents, on average, more than 57% of the economic activity in the Antofagasta region, sometimes reaching 65%. Its importance at the national level is evident, as it generates more than 45% of the country%u2019s mining Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and contributes 25% to 30% of total exports at the national level (GORE Antofagasta).

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Between hostility and solidarity

Author: Álvarez Velasco, Soledad, Summary
I met Angela, a 27-year-old Dominican migrant, in November 2015 in Quito. We used to get together to have coffee and talk about life at a bakery located a couple of blocks from her job. 6 months after we met, via WhatsApp, she extended this invitation: "Let's have coffee at my place. My address: three blocks south from the Santa Clara Market you will find a tall wine-coloured building, third floor, apartment 301. If you get lost just ask for the Edificio de los Migrantes [the Migrant Building]. Anyone will guide you."

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State and "mixed migration"

Author: Gómez, Carmen, Herrera, Gioconda Summary
As it was mentioned in the introduction to this book, the South American migration landscape has undergone important changes in the last 20 years, and new patterns of immigration have emerged. For example, migrants who usually looked northwards, such as Haitians, started to come southwards, to places like Brazil, Chile or Ecuador; countries that traditionally host migrants are beginning to experience massive flows of emigration, such as Venezuela; and transit states are increasingly common among people on the move, with many migrants now undertaking long journeys before settling in one place after leaving their country of origin.

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A decade of growth in migration in Brazil (2010-2020) an the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Author: Tonhati, Tania, Cavalcanti, Leonardo y Oliveira, Antonio Tadeu de Summary
This chapter examines new migration flows to Brazil over the last 10 years and their relationship with changes in migration policies. The dynamics of migratory flows to Brazil between 2010 and 2020 have relocated the country in the global scenario of contemporary migration. The international economic crisis that began in 2007 in the United States, which also affected Europe and Japan, introduced greater complexity to the Latin American migratory phenomenon. It led to an increase in human mobility among south-to-south countries, and it placed Brazil as a destination country. Unlike migration flows in the late nineteenth century up to the 1930s, where most of the migrants were from the Global North (particularly Europe), in the last decade there has been an increase in migrants from the Global South: Haitians, Venezuelans, Bolivians, Senegalese, Congolese, Angolans, Cubans, Bengalis, Syrians, and Pakistanis, among others.

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Contradictions and shifts in discourse and application of the refugee system in a mixed-mgration context

Author: Moya, Jennifer, Sánchez Bautista, Consuelo y Pugh, Jeffrey D. Summary
The refugee system in the Americas is codified in instruments like the Refugee Convention and Protocol, the Cartagena Declaration, the Mexico Action Plan and Brazil Declaration, and implementing legislation within member states. However, there is a widely recognized gap between institutional rights protections and implementation in practice. This chapter traces the case of forced migration in Ecuador- especially of Colombians and Venezuelans-to advance the argument that the conceptualization and application of the refugee system has shifted considerably over the past decade as the boundaries that separate refugees from other migrants in discourse, policy, and practice have blurred.

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The legality of (Im)mobility

Author: Berg, Ulla D., Pérez Martínez, Lucía Summary
In the past decade, migration and mobility trends in South America have become increasingly complex and multi-directional. Migration to the United States remains a key feature in Latin America; however, intraregional migration within South America itself has grown significantly due to economic crises and political instability, violence and conflict, and environmental and climate change (IOM, 2019). The ongoing political and economic crisis in Venezuela is the most acute example of this tendency; a crisis which has displaced an estimated five million Venezuelans to the entire subcontinent. The subcontinent has also seen an increase in transit migrants from other parts of the world, including Africa and Asia, heading towards the United States.

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Institutional and social xenophobia towards venezuelan migrants in the context of a radicalized country

Author: Blouin, Cécile, Zamora Gómez, Cristina Summary
Until 2015, Peru did not recognize itself as a migrant-receiving country (Busse & Vasquez Luque, 2016). Although Peru, like other countries the region, has faced many changes in migration patterns including transit migration from Haiti, the selfperception as a country of emigrants was still predominant until the onset of Venezuelan migration in 2016 (Alvarez Velasco, 2020; Busse & Vasquez Luque, 2016; Lausent-Herrera, 2009). Venezuelan migrants fleeing from humanitarian, political, and socioeconomic crises have predominantly migrated within South America and especially to Peru and Colombia, the two principals%u2019 recipients with almost 1.2 million and 1 million Venezuelan migrants, respectively (UNHCR, 2021).

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When migrant pain does not deserve attention

Author: Tijoux Merino, María Emilia, Ambiado Cortés, Constanza Summary
The analysis of institutional racism and its links to the abuse of immigrants requires analyzing "race" and racism, concepts seldom used in research on contemporary immigration in Chile. These concepts have, better yet, been resisted and replaced by euphemisms, such as "exclusion", "discrimination", or "criminalization". In view of this and due to the frequent abuses that migrants experience, our research has focused for several years on the forms and manifestations that anti-immigrant racism has acquired in Chile. The centering of racism in the analysis of immigration is an urgent task, especially as the current government implements migration policies that seek to "put the house in order" (Cooperativa.cl, 2018; EFE, 2021).

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Inequalities and the social process of categorizing

Author: Caggiano, Sergio, Summary
Migrant associations, like other social organizations, generally form around social categories. As migration objectifies nationality (Sayad, 1998), national categories are often the touchstone of these associations. On other occasions, being a migrant- regardless of one's country of origin-becomes relevant in and of itself, allowing diverse national identities to converge. Though it may not be exceedingly common, in cases of labor migration, the category of "workers" can also become the principal motivation for getting organized and fighting for rights. In recent years, as the prevalence of women migrants has received attention, organizations specifically targeting migrant women have formed. The demands expressed by these women's associations are related to the inequalities their members face, inequalities that are approached as the offshoots of two categories-woman and migrant-without questioning the inequalities themselves.

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Haciendo visible y enfrentando la violencia contra las mujeres afroecuatorianas

En la desigualdad y la discriminación se encuentra el origen de la violencia contra las mujeres desde el inicio de la humanidad. Las mujeres afrodescendientes no estamos fuera de este fenómeno; al contrario, el factor racial se suma para nosotras y nos convierte en mujeres violentadas por raza, por…

Resp. editado por Roxana Vásquez
Date: 2014

Introduction

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Extractive economy and mobilities. The case og large copper mining in the Antofagasta region

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Between hostility and solidarity

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State and "mixed migration"

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A decade of growth in migration in Brazil (2010-2020) an the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

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Contradictions and shifts in discourse and application of the refugee system in a mixed-mgration context

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The legality of (Im)mobility

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Institutional and social xenophobia towards venezuelan migrants in the context of a radicalized country

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When migrant pain does not deserve attention

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Inequalities and the social process of categorizing

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Declaración y programa de acción

Los textos consisten en una Declaración y un Programa de Acción. La Declaración representa el compromiso derivado del complejo diálogo mundial que se celebró. Aborda las manifestaciones pasadas y las formas contemporáneas de la discriminación racial. El Programa de Acción es una guía que ilustra la…

Resp. Conferencia Mundial contra el Racismo, la Discriminación Racial, la Xenofobia y las Formas Conexas de Intolerancia
Date: 2002

Introduction

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Extractive economy and mobilities. The case og large copper mining in the Antofagasta region

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Between hostility and solidarity

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State and "mixed migration"

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A decade of growth in migration in Brazil (2010-2020) an the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

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Download article	530.06 KB

Contradictions and shifts in discourse and application of the refugee system in a mixed-mgration context

	Size	Download	Views
Download article	610.35 KB

The legality of (Im)mobility

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Download article	469.15 KB

Institutional and social xenophobia towards venezuelan migrants in the context of a radicalized country

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Download article	471.51 KB

When migrant pain does not deserve attention

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Inequalities and the social process of categorizing

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Memorias foro nacional de ciudades libres de racismo, discriminación y xenofobia

El 17 y 18 de junio de 2010 tuvo lugar en Quito el Foro Nacional de Ciudades Libres de Racismo, Discriminación y Xenofobia. La convocatoria fue iniciativa del Municipio del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito, de la Secretaría de Pueblos, Movimientos Sociales y Participación Ciudadana y del Ministerio…

Resp. Distrito Metropolitano de Quito (DMQ)
Date: 2010

Introduction

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Extractive economy and mobilities. The case og large copper mining in the Antofagasta region

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Download article	593.04 KB

Between hostility and solidarity

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State and "mixed migration"

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A decade of growth in migration in Brazil (2010-2020) an the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

	Size	Download	Views
Download article	530.06 KB

Contradictions and shifts in discourse and application of the refugee system in a mixed-mgration context

	Size	Download	Views
Download article	610.35 KB

The legality of (Im)mobility

	Size	Download	Views
Download article	469.15 KB

Institutional and social xenophobia towards venezuelan migrants in the context of a radicalized country

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Download article	471.51 KB

When migrant pain does not deserve attention

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Inequalities and the social process of categorizing

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Migration in South America

Haciendo visible y enfrentando la violencia contra las mujeres afroecuatorianas

Declaración y programa de acción

Memorias foro nacional de ciudades libres de racismo, discriminación y xenofobia

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