In Latin America, gender inequalities as a field emerged in the 1970s, when scholars began to look at women’s experiences in a wide array of areas then being studied by Latin American sociology, including urbanization, migration into cities, transformation of agrarian structures, and social movements. Since then, the field of sociology of gender has grown steadily across the continent. The first section of this chapter discusses three approaches to gendered analysis in Latin America: women’s subordination, unequal power relationships between women and men in various spaces, and gender as a performative practice. It then charts the evolution of two significant subfields in Latin American sociology: gender, work, and social reproduction; and gender, collective action, and the state.