Analysis and evolution of the Spanish public debt (1996-2015). por Monge Antolin, Vanesa

“…According to the revision of the Official Bulletins of Debt of the Bank of Spain, it was observed that the public debt items have increased considerably to the point where it is observably a statistically significant differential in many of them and with higher variability when the conservative-liberal Popular Party rules. …”
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Opportunities and challenges for sustainable human development on the island of Tierra Bomba (Colombia). por Jimenez Castilla, Tania Isabel, Segrera Castilla, Michael Jair, Cantillo Sierra, Efraín

“…In general, it can be observed that the community prioritized aspects related to cultural issues, infrastructure, environment and education.…”
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The effects of social dynamics on economic growth : application to the department of Meta (Colombia). por Llanes Dueñas, Leidy Paola

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Production costs, economic and financial situation in furniture production in Villa El Salvador por Antezana Aguirre, Mario Alejandro, Cuenca Castillo, Christian Daivy, Calvanapón Alva, Flor Alicia, Soto Abanto, Segundo Eloy

“…Among the main results, it was observed that the company has been applying an empirical cost system during the period 2020 and 2021; on the other hand, from the analysis of the financial statements it was observed that in the year 2020 there was greater profitability than in the year 2021. …”
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Monetary policy and equity in Colombia. por Cuadro Guzmán, Efraín, Jiménez Martínez, Amaury

“…To achieve this, use of the observation of the path of the variables involved in the research problem becomes, detailing its tendency in each of the periods studied, and by the contrast with the behavior of other endogenous variables to the model. …”
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Poverty and social vulnerability in Colombia por Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson, Alvis-Estrada, Luis, Castro-Ávila, Robinson, Correa-Reyes, Juan

“…Poverty and vulnerability are observed and described like essential elements that are in the scopes of the work, of the human capital, the share capital and the physical capital.Key Words: basic necessities, mensuration and analysis of the poverty, public politics, Latin America…”
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Performance evaluation and human management processes in business organizations. por Peña Carrillo, Adolfredo

“…Regarding the Compensation process and its relation with the performance evaluation, it was observed that there are weak linkages.…”
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Impact of fiscal policy on savings and employment in Colombia (1970-2011) por Castellanos-Torres, Gerardo, Castro-Ávila, Robinson, Recuero-Marrugo, Asdrúbal

“…With respect to the different components of internal savings, in both the public and private sectors, a possible “expulsion effect” was observed.…”
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The new international financial architecture and accounting standards por Mendoza-Castillo, Reynaldo

“…The international community is living transcendental moments, by tire way of globalization and the world of businesses are being transformed; we observe how international financial capitals with its economic power looks for maintain dominion world-wide. …”
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Challenges in teaching business discipline. por Bernal Campos, Henry César

“…The lack of proof of the theoretical knowledge, has led to direct observation in companies outside the Educational Institution. …”
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Business innovation as a driver of smes in the Caribbean Region. por Hernández-Palma, Hugo, Cardona-Arbelaez, Diego, Raad-Pardo, Alex

“…Through a reflexive exercise of the sector, concepts will be observed that are being incorporated in the business environments at regional and national level.…”
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Technical efficiency measure in Latin American secondary education : PISA tests. por Viana Barceló, Rafael Antonio, Urbina Fernández, Yehisen Frederick

“…The data used correspond to 35,880 observations from the same number of students who presented the aforementioned test. …”
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Supply chain analysis through system dynamics por Vergara-Schmalbach, Juan Carlos, Quesada-Ibargüen, Victor Manuel, Fontalvo-Herrera, Tomás José

“…This article introduces the reader to the analysis of the supply chain from the perspective of system dynamics, with reference to the famous "Beer Game" to understand the average behavior of a supply chain through observation the actions of those involved in it. The result achieved in this research sheds its own model of supply chain which will allow, perform experiments or to simulate scenarios to visualize the effect of one variable on another.Key Words: Simulation methods, organization of production, analysis of production. …”
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Efficiency of education social missions using fuzzy logic. por Contreras Guillén, Darwin Diskey, Hurtado Briceño, Alberto José

“…In the research, the units of observation were the beneficiaries or participants of each of the social educational missions (Robinson, Ribas, Sucre), through a sample of 330 people. …”
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Circumstances and determination of individual outcomes in Bolivia : family background and equality of opportunities. por Herrera Jiménez, Alejandro, Villegas Quino, Horacio

“…Despite these facts, we could also observe that within ten years the conditioning of income in those selected circumstances is less significant for the country, suggesting that there could be improvements in the equality of opportunities.…”
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Characterization of the university consumer : an ethnographic study. por Contreras Cuenta, Margarita, Rojano Alvarado, Yolmis Nicolas, Cardona Arbeláez, Diego

“…The research was carried out in five phases, initially an exploration of specialized texts that developed the subject of consumer culture, marketing and experiences in university stores was carried out; Then observations were made in order to identify the aspects of the consumer related to their consumption culture; eleven (11) in-depth interviews were carried out, applied to students from the different faculties and courses, professors, and officials of the institution. …”
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Evolution of microfinance from the perspective of financialization. por Guevara Castañeda, Diego Alejandro, Ramírez Virviescas, Natalia, Rodríguez Mejía, Alejandra, Salamanca Ballesteros, Sofia, González Rodríguez, María Paula

“…From an analysis in which a mixed research methodology is implemented, it is observed that the microfinance model implemented in Mocoa between 2007 and 2017 is permeated by scenarios of over-indebtedness, precariousness in the financial education of the inhabitants, and total absence of the implementation of some microfinance methodology, which results in slight manifestations of a financialization process, and an obstacle to the recovery of the municipality's economy.…”
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Corporate social responsibility in hotel chains : The case of the Las Americas Hotel in Cartagena de Indias. por Castro Alfaro, Alain, Mercado León, Lino, González Pérez, Nora

“…The methodology used was descriptive, hand in hand with direct observation. As a source of primary information collection, a survey was conducted focusing on the hotel manager where the dimensions in the study of CSR are taken into account. …”
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Social problems and effects of the substitution of coca crops for cocoa in the municipality of Pauna (Boyacá). por López Sánchez, Lina Marleny, Fúquene, Erika Alejandra, Montenegro, Karen Lorena, Ramirez, Gissel Lorena, Sánchez Pineda, Angélica María

“…Factors that gave rise to the substitution of illicit crops were identified, as well as their socio-economic consequences, through application of instruments, such as interviews, surveys and direct observation, supported in a theoretical-conceptual framework, centered on the peasant economy and family agriculture, and in a legal framework on eradication of illicit crops, among other references. …”
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Central goverment deficit: Economic costs and central bank independence in Colombia since 1991 por Parada-Corrales, Jairo, Albor-Cepeda, Cristina

“…This work is oriented to establish the macroeconomic effects of the reorientation of public debt financing policy in Colombia since the Constitution of 1991 was implemented, developing a theoretical, institutional and empirical inquiry regarding the causes of the explosive growth of the domestic public debt observed, based on orthodox recommendations inspired on the Washington consensus and the so called new consensus in Macroeconomics. …”
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