| Sumario: | Revegetation in arid zones poses numerous challenges, due particularly to drought,
extreme temperatures, high irradiance, and infertile soils, factors which threaten the
survival of installed saplings. Nursery techniques to avoid transplant shock focus
on manipulating the watering regime so as to favor the acclimation of seedlings to
unfavorable field conditions. In order to analyze the suitability of drought preconditioning
treatments, analyzed the effects of water stress on sapling growth, water status
and survival on two native shrub species of the Monte Desert. It was used a randomized
experimental design with one fixed factor, with three levels of water supply: control
(T1), moderate stress (T2), and severe stress (T3). Preconditioning treatments had a
detrimental effect on the growth of saplings of both species, as it was clearly shown
in the reduction of leaf area, sapling height, stem diameter, and biomass. Shoot-to-root
ratio decreased significantly under T3 in both species, and they showed highly negative
water potentials and low stomatal conductance under this treatment. Sapling survival
decreased only under T3. Moderate water stress seems more suitable for preconditioning
this species since it reduces growth, leaf area and leaf conductance without
seedling mortality and maintaining a good growth rate.
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