| Sumario: | In order to evaluate the effects of the anthropic impact on the structure of de soil
collembolan community, three different soil uses were researched: agricultural fields (AG)
with 50 years of continuous farming, pastures entering the agricultural cycle (CG),
and naturalized grasslands (NG). The study was carried out in fields of Chivilcoy
(34°53'49 S, 60°01'09 W, elev. 60 m) and Navarro (34°51’30 S, 59°12’25 W, elev. 43 m),
Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. For each of the three uses, three fields were selected
as replicates, with three soil samples per replicate and sample date (10) for a total of 216
samples analyzed. Collembolans (Hexapoda: Collembola) were extracted and identified
to family level. Five families were found: Hypogastruridae, Onychiuridae, Isotomidae,
Entomobryidae, and Katiannidae. Soils were also characterized by means of physical
and chemical analyses. The index of degree of change of collembolan diversity was calculated
with the biological data. The results show that the biological index of degree of
change can detect soil use effects on the collembolan community. Somewhat surprisingly,
the index showed that the diversity of collembolans was higher in the high anthropic
impact site AG, followed by CG and lowest in NG. The results also show that collembolan
families respond differently to soil use. The families Hypogastruridae, Onychiuridae, and
Isotomidae presented differences between systems. Therefore, collembolan community
structure can be a useful tool to assess agricultural practices´ impacts on soil.
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