Sumario: | The cacao belongs to most important agricultural crops worldwide, in recent
decades facing increasing demand as well as falling production capacity. The dramatically
fall of production of cacao in Mexican agriculture, where it was first domesticated,
is becoming a serious concern for diversity of local production, as local producers are
substituting cacao plantations with more rentable crops thus giving away a rich genetic
as well as agricultural legacy that could under adequate conditions provide a source of
income for large region while maintaining the natural diversity. The paper tries to find
the answer in studying the social capital of cacao producers of Tabasco region, coming to
the conclusion that it is collective action and social capital led production set of practices
that is crucial for the re-installment and prosperity of the plantations, rather than a
single motive such as the recent invasion of Moniliophthora roreri fungus.
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