| Sumario: | Unemployment is a problem that has important effects on the economic, social and even family and staff. This paper presents the results of a review of literature related to the historical, theoretical and empirical unemployment. The results indicate that the first theoretical approaches are in the classical school and Keynesianism, leading to the types of frictional unemployment, structural and cyclical. Moreover, human capital theory has relevance in the analysis of unemployment, in some ways it determines the mobility of employees in jobs. The empirical analysis found unemployment relationship with sociodemographic factors, economic and institutional. Regarding the former, are age and socioeconomic status of the individual. With regard to economic policy are monetary and economic cycle, while the institutional labor reform has also influenced the behavior of unemployment.Key Words: Unemployment, Frictional Unemployment, Structural Unemployment, Cyclical Unemployment, Classical School, Keynesianism, Human Capital Theory.
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