Biblioteca Digital de VanguardiaTransnationalization of science and technology policies in Central America. A network analysis 1955-2020
The present article argues that the dissemination of ideas about the relationship between science, technology and society in Central America, is framed by transnationalization processes, which, in turn are driven by regional international organizations, think tanks and non-governmental organizations...
| Autores principales: | , , |
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| Formato: | Revistas |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
| Publicado: |
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Ecuador
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4830 |
| _version_ | 1782344297832513536 |
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| author | Viales-Hurtado, Ronny Sáenz-Leandro, Ronald Garita-Mondragón, Marco |
| author_facet | Viales-Hurtado, Ronny Sáenz-Leandro, Ronald Garita-Mondragón, Marco |
| author_sort | Viales-Hurtado, Ronny |
| collection | Revista |
| description | The present article argues that the dissemination of ideas about the relationship between science, technology and society in Central America, is framed by transnationalization processes, which, in turn are driven by regional international organizations, think tanks and non-governmental organizations (NGO’s). This conclusion is reached after examining the official documents and the transnational networks generated by the flow of these ideas in Latin America. In the heyday of CEPAL-inspired developmentalism in the region, the Central American Institute for Industrial Research and Technology (ICAITI) became a key player in the development of Latin American thought on science, technology and society. ICAITI, with the help of foreign aid programs sponsored by western powers, was instrumental in establishing the scientific development policies that became dominant in Central America. Due to both internal and external factors, the “Cepalian” development model reached its limits around the decade of the 80’s and this led to the demise of the institute. However, between the 80’s and the 90’s the liberalization of the Central American economies and the restructuring of the science, technology and society institutions in the region provided other transnational actors with the opportunity to influence the agenda of scientific development. The new approach involves the supremacy of a neo-liberal and economistic perspective that is still dominant in our times. |
| format | Revistas |
| id | iconos-article-4830 |
| institution | Íconos - Revista de Ciencias Sociales |
| language | Español |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Ecuador |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | iconos-article-48302022-01-03T22:21:46Z Transnationalization of science and technology policies in Central America. A network analysis 1955-2020 Transnacionalización de las políticas de ciencia y tecnología en América Central. Un análisis de redes, 1955-2020 Transnacionalização das políticas de ciência e tecnologia na América Central. Uma análise das redes, 1955-2020 Viales-Hurtado, Ronny Sáenz-Leandro, Ronald Garita-Mondragón, Marco América Central centros de pesquisa Ciência e Tecnologia órgãos regionais políticas científicas tanques de pensamento Central America research centers science and technology regional organizations scientific policies think tanks América Central centros de investigación ciencia y tecnología organismos regionales políticas científicas tanques de pensamiento The present article argues that the dissemination of ideas about the relationship between science, technology and society in Central America, is framed by transnationalization processes, which, in turn are driven by regional international organizations, think tanks and non-governmental organizations (NGO’s). This conclusion is reached after examining the official documents and the transnational networks generated by the flow of these ideas in Latin America. In the heyday of CEPAL-inspired developmentalism in the region, the Central American Institute for Industrial Research and Technology (ICAITI) became a key player in the development of Latin American thought on science, technology and society. ICAITI, with the help of foreign aid programs sponsored by western powers, was instrumental in establishing the scientific development policies that became dominant in Central America. Due to both internal and external factors, the “Cepalian” development model reached its limits around the decade of the 80’s and this led to the demise of the institute. However, between the 80’s and the 90’s the liberalization of the Central American economies and the restructuring of the science, technology and society institutions in the region provided other transnational actors with the opportunity to influence the agenda of scientific development. The new approach involves the supremacy of a neo-liberal and economistic perspective that is still dominant in our times. En el presente artículo se argumenta que la difusión de ideas sobre las relaciones entre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad en América Central se enmarca en procesos de transnacionalización impulsados por organismos regionales, tanques de pensamiento y organizaciones no gubernamentales. A esta afirmación se llega a partir del análisis de documentos oficiales y del estudio de las redes transnacionales producto de la difusión de estas ideas en América Latina. Durante el auge del desarrollismo cepalino en la región, el Instituto Centroamericano de Investigación y Tecnología Industrial (ICAITI) fue un actor clave en la inserción del pensamiento latinoamericano en ciencia, tecnología y sociedad. El ICAITI junto con la cooperación externa patrocinada por las potencias occidentales sentaron las bases para el desarrollo de políticas científicas en América Central. Debido a situaciones internas y externas, ese modelo de desarrollo encontró sus límites hacia la década de los 80, y ello marcó el fin del instituto. No obstante, entre los años 80 y los 90 con la liberalización de las economías centroamericanas y la reestructuración de la institucionalidad de las ideas sobre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad en la región, otra serie de actores transnacionales lograron insertase con éxito en los diferentes proyectos de políticas científicas, impulsando un enfoque que llega hasta nuestros días: la visión economicista y neoliberal de la cuestión tecnológica. Este artigo argumenta que a disseminação de ideias sobre as relações entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade na América Central faz parte de processos de transnacionalização promovidos por organizações regionais, think tanks e organizações não governamentais. Esta afirmação é feita a partir da análise de documentos oficiais e do estudo das redes transnacionais, produto da difusão dessas ideias na América Latina. Durante o surgimento do desenvolvimentismo da CEPAL na região, o Instituto Centro-Americano de Pesquisa e Tecnologia Industrial (ICAITI) foi um ator chave na inserção do pensamento latino-americano na ciência, tecnologia e sociedade. O ICAITI juntamente com a cooperação externa patrocinada pelas potências ocidentais lançou as bases para o desenvolvimento de políticas científicas na América Central. Devido a situações internas e externas, esse modelo de desenvolvimento encontra seus limites na década de 1980, e isso marca o fim do instituto. Porém, entre as décadas de 1980 e 1990, com a liberalização das economias centro-americanas e a reestruturação do quadro institucional de ideias sobre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade na região, outra série de atores transnacionais conseguiu inserir-se com sucesso nos diferentes projetos de políticas científicas, promovendo uma abordagem que continua até os dias de hoje: a visão economicista e neoliberal da questão tecnológica. Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Ecuador 2021-09-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf text/html application/xml application/epub+zip https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4830 10.17141/iconos.71.2021.4830 Íconos - Revista de Ciencias Sociales; Núm. 71 (2021): Ciencia, conocimiento y sociedad; 37-58 Íconos - Revista de Ciencias Sociales; n. 71 (2021): Ciência, conhecimento e sociedade; 37-58 Íconos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales; No. 71 (2021): Science, knowledge and society; 37-58 1390-8065 1390-1249 spa https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4830/3787 https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4830/3823 https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4830/3798 https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4830/3830 Derechos de autor 2021 Ronny Viales-Hurtado, Ronald Sáenz-Leandro, Marco Garita-Mondragón https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/deed.es_ES |
| spellingShingle | Viales-Hurtado, Ronny Sáenz-Leandro, Ronald Garita-Mondragón, Marco Transnationalization of science and technology policies in Central America. A network analysis 1955-2020 |
| title | Transnationalization of science and technology policies in Central America. A network analysis 1955-2020 |
| title_full | Transnationalization of science and technology policies in Central America. A network analysis 1955-2020 |
| title_fullStr | Transnationalization of science and technology policies in Central America. A network analysis 1955-2020 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transnationalization of science and technology policies in Central America. A network analysis 1955-2020 |
| title_short | Transnationalization of science and technology policies in Central America. A network analysis 1955-2020 |
| title_sort | transnationalization of science and technology policies in central america. a network analysis 1955-2020 |
| url | https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4830 |