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International connections of the Ecuadorian Amazonian forest colonization process 1960-1970
This article exposes the various international influences that –between 1960-1970- operated in order to stimulate peasant migration towards the Ecuadorian Amazonian frontier. During that period poor farmer organizations in several Latin American countries were demanding access to land held by tradit...
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| Formato: | Revistas |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
| Publicado: |
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Ecuador
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4689 |
| _version_ | 1782344295214219264 |
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| author | Campaña, Pablo |
| author_facet | Campaña, Pablo |
| author_sort | Campaña, Pablo |
| collection | Revista |
| description | This article exposes the various international influences that –between 1960-1970- operated in order to stimulate peasant migration towards the Ecuadorian Amazonian frontier. During that period poor farmer organizations in several Latin American countries were demanding access to land held by traditional latifundia. In order to defuse the revolutionary potential of these claims, the Organization of American States (OAS) came up with a plan that would have the peasants migrate as colonists towards jungle areas, such as Amazonia. A central topic of the present text is the study of the several international connections between this organization and United States diplomacy in their efforts to boost colonization policies in the Ecuadorian Amazonian frontier. In a first stage, Ecuador received loans from foreign financial organizations, which were targeted for the construction of roads that would facilitate access to the rainforest areas. This was a major component of early efforts to promote the occupation of the tropical woodlands. Additionally, strong pressure by US diplomacy forced Ecuador to pass legislation facilitating colonization, while, at the same time, the Inter American Institute of Agrarian Sciences (IICA), trained government officials in the skills necessary to implement and enforce these policies. The article uses diplomatic, legal and bureaucratic reports in order to disclose the administrative transnational strategies that were active in promoting the migration of landless peasants towards the Amazonian wilderness, as part of an effort to neutralize the risk of communist political revolutions. |
| format | Revistas |
| id | iconos-article-4689 |
| institution | Íconos - Revista de Ciencias Sociales |
| language | Español |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Ecuador |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | iconos-article-46892022-01-03T22:21:46Z International connections of the Ecuadorian Amazonian forest colonization process 1960-1970 Conexiones internacionales del proceso de colonización de la frontera amazónica ecuatoriana, 1960-1970 Conexões internacionais do processo de colonização da fronteira amazônica equatoriana, 1960-1970 Campaña, Pablo Amazônia colonização fronteira história ambiental história do Equador reforma agrária Amazonia colonization frontier environmental history history of Ecuador agrarian reform Amazonía colonización frontera historia ambiental historia del Ecuador reforma agraria This article exposes the various international influences that –between 1960-1970- operated in order to stimulate peasant migration towards the Ecuadorian Amazonian frontier. During that period poor farmer organizations in several Latin American countries were demanding access to land held by traditional latifundia. In order to defuse the revolutionary potential of these claims, the Organization of American States (OAS) came up with a plan that would have the peasants migrate as colonists towards jungle areas, such as Amazonia. A central topic of the present text is the study of the several international connections between this organization and United States diplomacy in their efforts to boost colonization policies in the Ecuadorian Amazonian frontier. In a first stage, Ecuador received loans from foreign financial organizations, which were targeted for the construction of roads that would facilitate access to the rainforest areas. This was a major component of early efforts to promote the occupation of the tropical woodlands. Additionally, strong pressure by US diplomacy forced Ecuador to pass legislation facilitating colonization, while, at the same time, the Inter American Institute of Agrarian Sciences (IICA), trained government officials in the skills necessary to implement and enforce these policies. The article uses diplomatic, legal and bureaucratic reports in order to disclose the administrative transnational strategies that were active in promoting the migration of landless peasants towards the Amazonian wilderness, as part of an effort to neutralize the risk of communist political revolutions. En este artículo, se muestran las distintas conexiones internacionales que estimularon, entre 1960 y 1970, la migración campesina hacia las fronteras amazónicas ecuatorianas. Durante el mencionado periodo, en varios países latinoamericanos las organizaciones campesinas reclamaban el acceso a la tierra de latifundios. Para evitar que estos reclamos desencadenasen en revoluciones radicales, la Organización de Estados Americanos propuso que los campesinos migraran hacia tierras de áreas selváticas como la Amazonía. Las distintas conexiones internacionales entre este organismo y la diplomacia estadounidense con la política de colonización de la frontera amazónica de Ecuador constituyen el tema central del presente texto. En la etapa de estudio, Ecuador participó de una política internacional de colonización y recibió créditos de entidades financieras para construir carreteras en zonas selváticas. Además, la presión diplomática logró que se aprobara la legislación sobre colonización, al tiempo que el Instituto Interamericano de Ciencias Agrícolas capacitó a funcionarios estatales para hacer efectivas las políticas agrarias. A partir de fuentes diplomáticas, jurídicas e informes burocráticos, en este artículo se muestran las estrategias transnacionales de gobierno que promovieron la migración campesina a la selva amazónica para desactivar el riesgo de revoluciones políticas comunistas. Neste artigo, são mostradas as diferentes conexões internacionais que estimularam, entre 1960 e 1970, a migração do campo para as fronteiras amazônicas equatorianas. Durante o período mencionado, em vários países da América Latina as organizações do campo exigiram acesso às terras das grandes propriedades. Para evitar que essas reivindicações desencadeiem revoluções radicais, a Organização dos Estados Americanos propôs que os camponeses migrassem para terras em áreas de selva, como a Amazônia. As diferentes conexões internacionais desta organização com a diplomacia dos Estados Unidos com a política de colonização da fronteira amazônica com o Equador constituem o tema central deste texto. Na etapa de estudo, o Equador participou de uma política internacional de colonização e recebeu empréstimos de entidades financeiras para construir estradas em áreas de selva. Além disso, a pressão diplomática conseguiu que a legislação sobre a colonização fosse aprovada, enquanto o Instituto Interamericano de Ciências Agrárias treinava funcionários do Estado para implementar políticas agrárias. Com base em fontes diplomáticas e jurídicas e relatórios burocráticos, este artigo mostra as estratégias de governo transnacional que promoveram a migração de camponeses para a selva amazônica para neutralizar o risco de revoluções políticas comunistas. Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Ecuador 2021-09-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf text/html application/xml application/epub+zip https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4689 10.17141/iconos.71.2021.4689 Íconos - Revista de Ciencias Sociales; Núm. 71 (2021): Ciencia, conocimiento y sociedad; 179-194 Íconos - Revista de Ciencias Sociales; n. 71 (2021): Ciência, conhecimento e sociedade; 179-194 Íconos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales; No. 71 (2021): Science, knowledge and society; 179-194 1390-8065 1390-1249 spa https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4689/3794 https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4689/3826 https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4689/3805 https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4689/3837 Derechos de autor 2021 Pablo Campaña https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/deed.es_ES |
| spellingShingle | Campaña, Pablo International connections of the Ecuadorian Amazonian forest colonization process 1960-1970 |
| title | International connections of the Ecuadorian Amazonian forest colonization process 1960-1970 |
| title_full | International connections of the Ecuadorian Amazonian forest colonization process 1960-1970 |
| title_fullStr | International connections of the Ecuadorian Amazonian forest colonization process 1960-1970 |
| title_full_unstemmed | International connections of the Ecuadorian Amazonian forest colonization process 1960-1970 |
| title_short | International connections of the Ecuadorian Amazonian forest colonization process 1960-1970 |
| title_sort | international connections of the ecuadorian amazonian forest colonization process 1960-1970 |
| url | https://iconos.flacsoandes.edu.ec/index.php/iconos/article/view/4689 |