| Sumario: | Beyond its many achievements, an analysis of the green alliances of the Pilot Program for the Protection of the Tropical Forests of Brazil (PPG7, Portuguese acronym), as well as the conflicts present in its creation and implementation, of the results achieved, and of the circumstances in which it came to an end, demonstrate that the PPG7 contributed little to the conservation of the forest, the institutional strengthening of the Amazon region, or its sustainable development. This is due to its neoliberal conception and institutional limitations. Trapped in the local, between risks and opportunities created by agribusiness in the Amazon, the PPG7 forgot the outstanding role of the national state in developing regions. Effective international cooperation on the environment will require new concepts of effectiveness, cooperation that is less top-down, and strengthening of the sustainability movement.
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