| Sumario: | After the enactment of the Indigenous Communities Law, the province of Chaco in Argentina became one of the first in the country to establish relevant legislative modifications. These changes entailed the inclusion of the indigenous component in public policies, the application of criteria for defining the “indigenous question” and the creation of specific government entities for the administration of this population. This article aims to analyse the transformations introduced by this provincial regulation in the ways of defining and addressing the indigenous population, as well as the characteristics of the mechanisms implemented by the State. This paper suggests that beyond these legislative innovations, the State continued to address the indigenous issue as an eminently rural and agrarian problem, that it was necessary to constrain within that space, despite the internal migrations that took place from the countryside to the city.
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