Biblioteca Digital de VanguardiaScience Diplomacy as a tool of international politics: the power of ‘soft power’
Science and Technology (S&T) have historically been used by countries as tools of hard power, especially in military and economic contexts. Contrary to a strategy that uses S&T as a hard power tool, Science Diplomacy (SD) is an alternative form of using S&T in bilateral and m...
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| Formato: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Lenguaje: | Portugués |
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Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências
2018
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.marilia.unesp.br/index.php/bjir/article/view/6938 http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/71767 |
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| author | Domingues, Amanda Ribeiro Neto, Paulo Henrique |
| author_facet | Domingues, Amanda Ribeiro Neto, Paulo Henrique |
| author_sort | Domingues, Amanda |
| collection | Repositorio |
| description | Science and Technology (S&T) have historically been used by countries as tools of hard power, especially in military and economic contexts. Contrary to a strategy that uses S&T as a hard power tool, Science Diplomacy (SD) is an alternative form of using S&T in bilateral and multilateral interactions; one in which soft power predominates. Relying on examples of the foreign relations of the United States - one of the most developed countries in terms of S&T and SD - this article shows how SD has unified countries and has been employed as a strategy that assists diplomats in interpreting technical knowledge, supports scientists in negotiating multilateral projects, and, most importantly, promotes alliances between countries. The paper is divided in three main sections: in the first part, we present a brief summary of the intellectual history of the concept of SD, introducing and defining it and we discuss why countries invest in it. In the second part, we analyze to what extent S&T played a central role in re-establishing bilateral relations or in promoting more peaceful negotiations between the U.S. and Cuba, North Korea, Russia, and selected Muslim countries. In the third section, we offer our concluding remarks.
Key-words: Science Diplomacy; International Cooperation; Science and Technology.
Recebido em: maio/2017
Aprovado em: janeiro/2018 |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | clacso-CLACSO71767 |
| institution | CLACSO, Repositorio Digital |
| language | Portugués |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências |
| record_format | greenstone |
| spelling | clacso-CLACSO717672022-03-21T17:38:50Z Science Diplomacy as a tool of international politics: the power of ‘soft power’ Domingues, Amanda Ribeiro Neto, Paulo Henrique Science Diplomacy Science and Technology (S&T) have historically been used by countries as tools of hard power, especially in military and economic contexts. Contrary to a strategy that uses S&T as a hard power tool, Science Diplomacy (SD) is an alternative form of using S&T in bilateral and multilateral interactions; one in which soft power predominates. Relying on examples of the foreign relations of the United States - one of the most developed countries in terms of S&T and SD - this article shows how SD has unified countries and has been employed as a strategy that assists diplomats in interpreting technical knowledge, supports scientists in negotiating multilateral projects, and, most importantly, promotes alliances between countries. The paper is divided in three main sections: in the first part, we present a brief summary of the intellectual history of the concept of SD, introducing and defining it and we discuss why countries invest in it. In the second part, we analyze to what extent S&T played a central role in re-establishing bilateral relations or in promoting more peaceful negotiations between the U.S. and Cuba, North Korea, Russia, and selected Muslim countries. In the third section, we offer our concluding remarks. Key-words: Science Diplomacy; International Cooperation; Science and Technology. Recebido em: maio/2017 Aprovado em: janeiro/2018 2018-02-03 2022-03-21T17:38:50Z 2022-03-21T17:38:50Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://revistas.marilia.unesp.br/index.php/bjir/article/view/6938 10.36311/2237-7743.2017.v6n3.09.p607 http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/71767 por https://revistas.marilia.unesp.br/index.php/bjir/article/view/6938/4842 Copyright (c) 2018 Brazilian Journal of International Relations application/pdf Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Brazilian Journal of International Relations; v. 6 n. 3 (2017); 607-629 2237-7743 |
| spellingShingle | Science Diplomacy Domingues, Amanda Ribeiro Neto, Paulo Henrique Science Diplomacy as a tool of international politics: the power of ‘soft power’ |
| title | Science Diplomacy as a tool of international politics: the power of ‘soft power’ |
| title_full | Science Diplomacy as a tool of international politics: the power of ‘soft power’ |
| title_fullStr | Science Diplomacy as a tool of international politics: the power of ‘soft power’ |
| title_full_unstemmed | Science Diplomacy as a tool of international politics: the power of ‘soft power’ |
| title_short | Science Diplomacy as a tool of international politics: the power of ‘soft power’ |
| title_sort | science diplomacy as a tool of international politics: the power of ‘soft power’ |
| topic | Science Diplomacy |
| url | https://revistas.marilia.unesp.br/index.php/bjir/article/view/6938 http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/71767 |