Biblioteca Digital de VanguardiaPerformance of public-school students in the National High School Exam (2012-2018): analysis and representation
Data was analyzed from 5.6 million public school students who scored in all tests of the National High School Exam (ENEM), from 2012 to 2018. Student performance was grouped by school and by zone and correlated with socioeconomic and school variables. Student performance was also represented in diff...
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| Formato: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Lenguaje: | Portugués |
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Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/rdg/article/view/185791 http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/42410 |
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| author | Justiniano, Eduardo Felix Queiroz, Alfredo Pereira de |
| author_facet | Justiniano, Eduardo Felix Queiroz, Alfredo Pereira de |
| author_sort | Justiniano, Eduardo Felix |
| collection | Repositorio |
| description | Data was analyzed from 5.6 million public school students who scored in all tests of the National High School Exam (ENEM), from 2012 to 2018. Student performance was grouped by school and by zone and correlated with socioeconomic and school variables. Student performance was also represented in different administrative units (municipality, micro and mesoregions, states and regions). The modifiable areal unit problem and fallacies were also evaluated in the comparison in different levels of aggregation. The analysis determined that the average score of graduates improved in the time period, but the total number of students with high proficiency did not increase in the same way. Of the variables analyzed, family income per capita showed a greater correlation with performance in the educational tests. An analysis was also conducted for the problem of modifiable areal unit problem that results from the change in average results and correlations in the aggregation of Federation Units in Regions. The variation of means and correlations in the different administrative zonings of the Brazilian territory was analyzed as well as a determination of some of the possible fallacies that could occur in the interpretation of the results. Although the amount of data analyzed was substantial and results of the analysis have allowed identification of the areas of best performance, it was determined that the low percentage of participation in the exam compromises the potential of using this test to assess the educational quality of Brazilian public schools. In most cases, the lowest proficiencies in Brazil occurred in the municipalities and micro-regions of the North and Northeast of Brazil, where the average per capita income is often lower. Although correlation values increased with a greater aggregation level, the perception of this association between variables on maps decreased. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | clacso-CLACSO42410 |
| institution | CLACSO, Repositorio Digital |
| language | Portugués |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas |
| record_format | greenstone |
| spelling | clacso-CLACSO424102022-03-17T15:14:53Z Performance of public-school students in the National High School Exam (2012-2018): analysis and representation Desempenho dos alunos de escolas públicas no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (2012-2018): análise e representação Justiniano, Eduardo Felix Queiroz, Alfredo Pereira de Correlation ENEM Zoning Education Correlação ENEM Zoneamento Educação Data was analyzed from 5.6 million public school students who scored in all tests of the National High School Exam (ENEM), from 2012 to 2018. Student performance was grouped by school and by zone and correlated with socioeconomic and school variables. Student performance was also represented in different administrative units (municipality, micro and mesoregions, states and regions). The modifiable areal unit problem and fallacies were also evaluated in the comparison in different levels of aggregation. The analysis determined that the average score of graduates improved in the time period, but the total number of students with high proficiency did not increase in the same way. Of the variables analyzed, family income per capita showed a greater correlation with performance in the educational tests. An analysis was also conducted for the problem of modifiable areal unit problem that results from the change in average results and correlations in the aggregation of Federation Units in Regions. The variation of means and correlations in the different administrative zonings of the Brazilian territory was analyzed as well as a determination of some of the possible fallacies that could occur in the interpretation of the results. Although the amount of data analyzed was substantial and results of the analysis have allowed identification of the areas of best performance, it was determined that the low percentage of participation in the exam compromises the potential of using this test to assess the educational quality of Brazilian public schools. In most cases, the lowest proficiencies in Brazil occurred in the municipalities and micro-regions of the North and Northeast of Brazil, where the average per capita income is often lower. Although correlation values increased with a greater aggregation level, the perception of this association between variables on maps decreased. Dados de 5,6 milhões de alunos de escolas públicas que pontuaram em todas as provas do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM), de 2012 a 2018, foram analisados. O desempenho dos alunos foi agrupado por escola e por zona, correlacionado com variáveis socioeconômicas e escolares, e representado em diferentes unidades administrativas (município, micro e mesorregiões, estados e regiões). O problema das unidades de áreas modificáveis e as falácias também foram avaliados na comparação entre os diferentes níveis de agregação. Constatou-se que a pontuação média dos concluintes melhorou no período, mas o número total de alunos com elevada proficiência não aumentou da mesma forma. Dentre as variáveis analisadas, a renda familiar per capita apresentou maior correlação com o desempenho neste teste educacional. Embora a quantidade de dados analisados seja expressiva e seus resultados tenham permitido identificar as áreas de melhor desempenho, considerou-se que o baixo percentual de participação no exame pode comprometer o potencial de utilização deste teste educacional para avaliar a qualidade educacional das escolas públicas brasileiras. De modo geral, as menores proficiências do Brasil ocorreram nos municípios e microrregiões do Norte e do Nordeste do Brasil. Nestes agrupamentos territoriais, a renda per capita média é frequentemente menor. Apesar dos valores de correlação terem aumentado nos zoneamentos de maior agregação, a percepção desta associação entre as variáveis diminuiu nas representações cartográficas. 2021-09-12 2022-03-17T15:14:53Z 2022-03-17T15:14:53Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://www.revistas.usp.br/rdg/article/view/185791 10.11606/eISSN.2236-2878.rdg.2021.185791 http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/42410 por https://www.revistas.usp.br/rdg/article/view/185791/175834 Copyright (c) 2021 Eduardo Felix Justiniano, Alfredo Pereira de Queiroz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas Revista do Departamento de Geografia; ##issue.vol## 41 (2021); e185791 Revista do Departamento de Geografia; v. 41 (2021); e185791 Revista do Departamento de Geografia; Vol. 41 (2021); e185791 2236-2878 0102-4582 |
| spellingShingle | Correlation ENEM Zoning Education Correlação ENEM Zoneamento Educação Justiniano, Eduardo Felix Queiroz, Alfredo Pereira de Performance of public-school students in the National High School Exam (2012-2018): analysis and representation |
| title | Performance of public-school students in the National High School Exam (2012-2018): analysis and representation |
| title_full | Performance of public-school students in the National High School Exam (2012-2018): analysis and representation |
| title_fullStr | Performance of public-school students in the National High School Exam (2012-2018): analysis and representation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance of public-school students in the National High School Exam (2012-2018): analysis and representation |
| title_short | Performance of public-school students in the National High School Exam (2012-2018): analysis and representation |
| title_sort | performance of public-school students in the national high school exam (2012-2018): analysis and representation |
| topic | Correlation ENEM Zoning Education Correlação ENEM Zoneamento Educação |
| url | https://www.revistas.usp.br/rdg/article/view/185791 http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/42410 |