Biblioteca Digital de VanguardiaTHE POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF DEATH: extrajudicial executions in Colombia, 2002-2010
Abstract: This article analyses the extrajudicial executions that took place in Colombia during the 2002-2010 period under the government of ex-President Alvaro Uribe Velez, distinctive for their cruelty: first, they were justified as executions of the “enemies” of the state (guerillas, paramilitari...
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| Formato: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
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Universidade de Brasília
2018
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| Acceso en línea: | https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/abya/article/view/21865 http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/37921 |
| _version_ | 1782339075659792384 |
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| author | Berrio, Hernando Londoño |
| author_facet | Berrio, Hernando Londoño |
| author_sort | Berrio, Hernando Londoño |
| collection | Repositorio |
| description | Abstract: This article analyses the extrajudicial executions that took place in Colombia during the 2002-2010 period under the government of ex-President Alvaro Uribe Velez, distinctive for their cruelty: first, they were justified as executions of the “enemies” of the state (guerillas, paramilitaries, drug traffickers, etc.), “killed in combat” in defensive operations of the Colombian Armed Forces, when in fact they were defenseless victims arbitrarily assassinated in simulated confrontations; second, the thousands of such cases were a consequence of a policy that evaluated military personnel in terms of “enemy body count”, establishing remunerations, prices and recognition accordingly. This institutional violence was at the service of wretched objectives of political power, which used the body count statistics as proof of the success of its “punitive populism” in order to ensure the re-election of then President Uribe; it concealed the shortcomings of the government negotiations with the paramilitaries as well as the cohabitation of the state with these actors; it bolstered the feeling of “citizen safety” through the criminalization of poverty. Finally, it utilized a number of strategies to ensure that these crimes would go unpunished by trying them in military courts and later by attempting to introduce the privileges of the military jurisdiction into the legal framework of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | clacso-CLACSO37921 |
| institution | CLACSO, Repositorio Digital |
| language | Español |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Universidade de Brasília |
| record_format | greenstone |
| spelling | clacso-CLACSO379212022-03-17T14:13:10Z THE POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF DEATH: extrajudicial executions in Colombia, 2002-2010 LAS FUNCIONES POLÍTICAS DE LA MUERTE: ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Colombia, 2002-2010 AS FUNÇÕES POLÍTICAS DA MORTE: execuções extrajudiciais na Colômbia, 2002-2010 Berrio, Hernando Londoño Execuções extrajudiciais falsos positivos populismo punitivo criminalização da pobreza impunidade justiça militar Justiça Especial para a Paz Extrajudicial executions fake enemy combatants punitive populism criminalization of poverty impunity military justice Special Jurisdiction for Peace Ejecuciones extrajudiciales falsos positivos populismo punitivo criminalización de la pobreza impunidad fuero penal militar Justicia Especial para la Paz Abstract: This article analyses the extrajudicial executions that took place in Colombia during the 2002-2010 period under the government of ex-President Alvaro Uribe Velez, distinctive for their cruelty: first, they were justified as executions of the “enemies” of the state (guerillas, paramilitaries, drug traffickers, etc.), “killed in combat” in defensive operations of the Colombian Armed Forces, when in fact they were defenseless victims arbitrarily assassinated in simulated confrontations; second, the thousands of such cases were a consequence of a policy that evaluated military personnel in terms of “enemy body count”, establishing remunerations, prices and recognition accordingly. This institutional violence was at the service of wretched objectives of political power, which used the body count statistics as proof of the success of its “punitive populism” in order to ensure the re-election of then President Uribe; it concealed the shortcomings of the government negotiations with the paramilitaries as well as the cohabitation of the state with these actors; it bolstered the feeling of “citizen safety” through the criminalization of poverty. Finally, it utilized a number of strategies to ensure that these crimes would go unpunished by trying them in military courts and later by attempting to introduce the privileges of the military jurisdiction into the legal framework of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace. Resumen: Este texto analiza las ejecuciones extrajudiciales acontecidas en Colombia entre los años de 2002 y 2010, durante el gobierno del expresidente Álvaro Uribe Vélez, caracterizadas por su crueldad: primero, se intentaron justificar argumentando que los ejecutados eran “enemigos” del Estado (guerrilleros, paramilitares, narcotraficantes, etc.), “dados de baja” en operativos defensivos de la fuerza pública, cuando realmente se trató de combates simulados con víctimas arbitrariamente privadas de su libertad y en condiciones de indefensión; segundo, los miles de casos fueron consecuencia de una política que valoró a sus agentes por el “número de bajas” de sus “enemigos”, estableciendo recompensas, premios y reconocimientos por ese motivo. Esta violencia institucional, sirvió a propósitos abyectos del poder político: hizo “populismo punitivo” con las cifras de “bajas” para la reelección presidencial; encubrió las falencias de las negociaciones con el paramilitarismo, así como la connivencia del Estado con este actor; incrementó la sensación de “seguridad ciudadana”, criminalizando la pobreza. Finalmente, desplegó varios dispositivos para garantizar la impunidad de estos crímenes, a través del fuero penal militar y, luego, tratando de reproducir los privilegios de esta jurisdicción, en el campo de Justicia Especial para la Paz. Resumo: Este texto analisa as execuções extrajudiciais acontecidas na Colômbia entre os anos 2002-2010, durante os dois governos do ex-presidente Álvaro Uribe Vélez, marcadas pela sua crueldade: Primeiro, tentaram se justificar argumentando que os executados eram “inimigos” do Estado (guerrilheiros, paramilitares, narcotraficantes, etc.), “dados de baixa” em operações defensivas da força pública, quando na realidade foram combates simulados com vítimas privadas arbitrariamente da sua liberdade e além em condições de indefeso; segundo, os milhares de casos foram consequência da política que valorizou aos seus agentes pelo “número de baixas” dos seus “inimigos”, estabelecendo recompensas, prêmios e estímulos. Esta violência institucional reforçou propósitos abjetos do poder político: Fez “populismo punitivo” com as quantidades de “baixas” só para a reeleição presidencial; abafou os falhos das negociações com o para militarismo, aliás da convivência do Estado com este ator; incrementou a sensação de “segurança cidadã” e criminalizou a pobreza. Finalmente, espalhou vários dispositivos para garantir a impunidade destos crimes, por meio do foro penal militar e, após, tentando de reproduzir os privilégios desta jurisdição, no marco da Justiça Especial para a Paz. 2018-12-30 2022-03-17T14:13:10Z 2022-03-17T14:13:10Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion peer reviewed Revisado por pares Avaliado pelos pares https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/abya/article/view/21865 10.26512/abyayala.v2i3.21865 http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/37921 spa https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/abya/article/view/21865/20951 Copyright (c) 2018 Abya-yala: Revista sobre Acesso à Justiça e Direitos nas Américas http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 application/pdf Universidade de Brasília Abya-Yala: Journal on Access to Justice and Rights in the Americas; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2018): THE LEFT TODAY: dialogues Latin America and Europe; 64-100 Abya-Yala: Revista sobre Acceso a la justicia y derechos en las Américas; Vol. 2 Núm. 3 (2018): LAS IZQUIERDAS EN LA ACTUALIDAD: diálogos América Latina y Europa; 64-100 Abya-yala: Revista sobre Acesso à Justiça e Direitos nas Américas; v. 2 n. 3 (2018): AS ESQUERDAS NA ATUALIDADE: diálogos América Latina e Europa; 64-100 2526-6675 10.26512/abya-yala.v2i3 |
| spellingShingle | Execuções extrajudiciais falsos positivos populismo punitivo criminalização da pobreza impunidade justiça militar Justiça Especial para a Paz Extrajudicial executions fake enemy combatants punitive populism criminalization of poverty impunity military justice Special Jurisdiction for Peace Ejecuciones extrajudiciales falsos positivos populismo punitivo criminalización de la pobreza impunidad fuero penal militar Justicia Especial para la Paz Berrio, Hernando Londoño THE POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF DEATH: extrajudicial executions in Colombia, 2002-2010 |
| title | THE POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF DEATH: extrajudicial executions in Colombia, 2002-2010 |
| title_full | THE POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF DEATH: extrajudicial executions in Colombia, 2002-2010 |
| title_fullStr | THE POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF DEATH: extrajudicial executions in Colombia, 2002-2010 |
| title_full_unstemmed | THE POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF DEATH: extrajudicial executions in Colombia, 2002-2010 |
| title_short | THE POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF DEATH: extrajudicial executions in Colombia, 2002-2010 |
| title_sort | political functions of death: extrajudicial executions in colombia, 2002-2010 |
| topic | Execuções extrajudiciais falsos positivos populismo punitivo criminalização da pobreza impunidade justiça militar Justiça Especial para a Paz Extrajudicial executions fake enemy combatants punitive populism criminalization of poverty impunity military justice Special Jurisdiction for Peace Ejecuciones extrajudiciales falsos positivos populismo punitivo criminalización de la pobreza impunidad fuero penal militar Justicia Especial para la Paz |
| url | https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/abya/article/view/21865 http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/37921 |