Home gardens are an often overlooked resource for agricultural development. In both upland and floodplain areas of the Brazilian Amazon, home gardens contain a wealth of promising material that could be planted on a wider scale for income generation and restoring degraded habitats. Over seventy perennial species are cultivated in dooryard gardens in Amazonia, and new domesticated plants are being constantly recruited for the surrounding forest; forest conservation and agroforestry development are thus linked.